feat: create get_ordinary_annuity_future_value function in financial (#12358)

* feat: create get_ordinary_annuity_future_value

* Rename function to ordinary_annuity_future_value

* updating DIRECTORY.md

* updating DIRECTORY.md

---------

Co-authored-by: Jeonghyun Min <20122791@tafe.wa.edu.au>
Co-authored-by: Christian Clauss <cclauss@me.com>
Co-authored-by: cclauss <cclauss@users.noreply.github.com>

DIRECTORY.md

@@ -551,6 +551,7 @@
   * [Interest](financial/interest.py)
   * [Kelly Criterion](financial/kelly_criterion.py)
   * [Macaulay Duration](financial/macaulay_duration.py)
+  * [Ordinary Annuity Future Value](financial/ordinary_annuity_future_value.py)
   * [Present Value](financial/present_value.py)
   * [Price Plus Tax](financial/price_plus_tax.py)
   * [Sharpe Ratio](financial/sharpe_ratio.py)

financial/ordinary_annuity_future_value.py

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+"""
+An ordinary annuity means making or requiring payments at the end
+of each term during a given period.
+For example, if the given period is 3 terms long and the payment
+for each term is $1000, then the cash flow is as follows:
+
+    0: no payment --- 1: $1000 --- 2: $1000 --- 3: $1000
+
+The function, ordinary_annuity_future_value, calculates the future value of
+the given ordinary annuity. In the example above, the function should return
+the sum of each payment's future value at the end of term 3,
+which means the sum is returned as soon as the last payment is made.
+
+More info on: https://www.investopedia.com/retirement/calculating-present-and-future-value-of-annuities
+
+This function can help you understand how much you will receive if you make a
+regular deposit at the end of each term for saving with a fixed period and
+interest rate.
+"""
+
+
+def ordinary_annuity_future_value(
+    term_payment: float, number_of_payments: int, term_interest_rate: float
+) -> float:
+    """
+    Calculate the future value of the given ordinary annuity
+    :param term_payment: payment made at the end of each term
+    :param number_of_payments: the number of payments
+    :param term_interest_rate: the interest rate for each term
+    :return: the future value (maturity value) of the given ordinary annuity
+
+    Examples:
+    >>> round(ordinary_annuity_future_value(500, 10, 0.05), 2)
+    6288.95
+    >>> round(ordinary_annuity_future_value(1000, 10, 0.05), 2)
+    12577.89
+    >>> round(ordinary_annuity_future_value(1000, 10, 0.10), 2)
+    15937.42
+    >>> round(ordinary_annuity_future_value(1000, 20, 0.10), 2)
+    57275.0
+    """
+
+    annuity_factor = (
+        ((1 + term_interest_rate) ** number_of_payments) - 1
+    ) / term_interest_rate
+    future_value = term_payment * annuity_factor
+    return future_value
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    user_input_amount = float(input("How much money will be deposited each term?\n> "))
+    user_input_payment_number = int(input("How many payments will be made?\n> "))
+    term_interest_rate = float(input("What is the interest rate per term?\n> "))
+    print(
+        ordinary_annuity_future_value(
+            user_input_amount, user_input_payment_number, term_interest_rate
+        )
+    )